Graduate Business Questions

For each account listed below indicate whether it ordinarily has a debit (D) or a credit (C) balance:

A. Advertising expense         Debit        
B. Accounts payable          Credit         
C. Retained earnings          Credit         
D. Prepaid insurance         Debit        
E. Accounts receivable         Debit        
F. Property & equipment         Debit        
G. Deferred income taxes          Credit         
H. Accumulated depreciation          Credit         
I. Accrued salaries          Credit         
J. Sales          Credit         
K. Common stock          Credit         
L. Investments         Debit        
M. Notes payable          Credit         

Indicate whether the following expenditures were expensed (E) or capital (C) in nature:

1. Broken window was replaced in the office.           Expense          

2. An addition to the office was built during the year.           Capital          

3. A major repair, which extended the life of a machine, was made during the year.           Capital          

4. A transmission in a truck was replaced during the year.           Expense          

5. A wastebasket was purchased during the year.           Expense          

The chart of accounts for Baker Company, a wholesale merchant, who uses the accrual basis of accounting is as follows:

A. Cash
B. Accounts receivable
C. Reserve for bad debt
D. Marketable securities
E. Inventory
F. Equipment
G. Accumulated depreciation
H. Prepaid expense
I. Accounts payable
J. Notes payable
K. Deferred income
L. Capital stock
M. Retained earnings
N. Sales
O. Cost of goods sold
P. Other income accounts
Q. Various general and administrative expense accounts
R. Income tax expense

For the monthly transactions listed below indicate (by letter) the account(s) that should be debited and credited:

1. Merchandise for resale is purchased on credit. Debit      E      Credit      I     
2. Payment is received for merchandise previously sold. Debit      A      Credit      B     
3. Marketable securities are sold at a gain. Debit      A      Credit       D,P      
4. The company sells capital stock for cash. Debit      A      Credit      L     
5. Payment is made for the merchandise purchased on credit. Debit      I     Credit      A     
6. Bills for telephone, office supplies and auto repairs are received but not paid
this month. Debit      Q      Credit      I     
7. Merchandise received from a supplier is found defective and returned for credit
before payment has been made. Debit      I      Credit      E     
8. A truck is purchased. The seller accepts a note in addition to a cash down payment.
Debit      F      Credit       A,J      
9. Monthly interest on the note is recorded. Debit      Q      Credit           I(or J)          
10. Merchandise for resale is purchased on credit. Debit      Q      Credit      G     
11. The office rent for the current month is paid. Debit      Q      Credit      A     
12. Merchandise is sold on credit. Debit      B      Credit      N     
13. An estimate of uncollectible accounts is recorded. Debit      Q      Credit      C     
14. An account is written off as uncollectible. Debit      C      Credit      B     
15. Inventory is adjusted to record merchandise sold. Debit      O      Credit      E     
16. Merchandise purchased in a prior month is returned by a customer for credit (show
all related entries). Debit           N&E           Credit           B&O          
17. Expired insurance for the month is recorded. Debit      Q      Credit      H     
18. While reconciling the bank statement it is discovered that the rent check for $500
was recorded in the Journal as $5,000 and a correcting entry is made. Debit      A      Credit      Q     
19. Salesmen's "commissions" were imporperly recorded as "salaries" and a correcting
entry is made. Debit      Q      Credit      Q     
20. Accrued income taxes are paid. Debit      I      Credit      A     
21. A tenant pays one year's rent in advance. Debit      A      Credit      K     
22. A dividend is declared and paid. Debit      M      Credit      A     

Number in sequential order the following steps of a normal accounting cycle:

     5      A. Taking a trial balance
     6      B. Journalizing and posting adjusting and closing entries
     1      C. Collecting transaction data
     3      D. Journalizing transactions
     7      E. Preparing financial statements
     2      F. Analyzing transactions
     4      G. Posting the the ledger

Number the following items in the order of their usual appearance on an income statement:

     2      1. Cost of goods sold
     5      2. Income tax expense
     7      3. Net income
     6      4. Extraordinary gains and losses (net of tax)
     3      5. Other income
     1      6. Sales
     4      7. General and administrative expense

Match the following definitions with the proper financial statements:

A. The statement of assets, liabilities, and owners' equity
B. The statement of cash inflows and outflows
C. The statement of revenues and expenses
D. The statement of sources and uses of owners' equity

     C      1. Income Statement
     A      2. Balance Sheet
     B      3. Statement of Cash Flows
          B&C           4. Which of the two above statements report data for a period of
time as opposed to a specific date in time?

Feedback is the most important part of the Communications Cycle.

1. True
2. False

Explain the steps of the Communications Cycle and list the 5 parts of the cycle:
                                                                                                                                                                                         Communications occurs when two people exchange ideas and develop a level of mutual understanding. The cycle consist of 5 parts. The Message, Sender, Medium, Receiver, and Feedback.                                                                                                                                                                                         

Which of the following journals should be used to record the transactions listed below:

Journals:
CR = Cash Receipts Journal
CD = Cash Disbursements Journal
G = General Journal
S = Sales Journal
P = Purchases Journal

1. Borrowed cash from a bank.        CR/G       
2. Sold merchandise for cash.        CR/S       
3. Recorded depreciation expense for the year.      G     
4. Paid rent expense.      CD     
5. Paid an account payable.      CD     
6. Accrued payroll taxes.      G     
7. Amortized prepaid insurance.      G     
8. Returned merchandise to a supplier for credit.       P/G      
9. Sold merchandise for credit.      S     
10. Sold common stock for cash.      CR     
11. Write off an account receivable to bad debt expense.      G     
12. Collected an account receivable.      CR     

Number the following items in the order of their usual appearance on a balance sheet:

     8      1. Retained earnings
     1      2. Cash
     3      3. Inventory
     7      4. Contributed capital
     4      5. Fixed assets
     6      6. Long-term liabilities
     5      7. Accounts payable
     2      8. Accounts receivable

Indicate whether the following expenditures were expensed (E) or capital (C) in nature:

1. Broken window was replaced in the office.           Expense          

2. An addition to the office was built during the year.           Capital          

3. A major repair, which extended the life of a machine, was made during the year.           Capital          

4. A transmission in a truck was replaced during the year.           Expense          

5. A wastebasket was purchased during the year.           Expense          

Indicate whether each of the items below is an income statement or a balance sheet account, and whether it normally carries a debit or a credit balance.

Prepaid Rent                                
Salaries and Wages Payable                                
Finished Goods Inventory                                
Accumulated Depreciation                                
Office Equipment                                
Sales                                
Salaries                                
Supplies                                

What is the accounting equation most stated as?

1. Owners equity = Liabilities + Assets
2. Assets = Liabilities + Owners Equity
3. Liabilities = Assets + Owners equity
4. All of the above

Which of the following statements is true?

1. to decrease a receivable, debit the account
2. to decrease revenue, debit the account
3. to increase owner's equity, debit the account
4. to increase an expense account, credit the account

Total Payroll for a two week period is $40,000. Within that two week period, 4 of the working days were in August, and 6 were in September. How much should be accrued in August?          24,000         

Variable costs change in direct proportion with a change in the volume of activity, while fixed costs remain unchanged within the relevant range of activity.

1. True
2. False

Which of the following statements is false?

1. to increase cash, debit the account
2. to increase revenue, credit the account
3. to decrease a receivable, debit the account
4. to increase a receivable, debit the account

Name the three categories involved in manufacturing costs, and give an example of each.

Indirect labor is charged to the product, while direct labor is considered overhead.

1. True
2. False

In general terms, what are revenues and expenses? How are they related in the determination of an enterprise net income or net loss?