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Oceanography (Grade 10)

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Oceanography

1. 
What causes spring tides?
  1. the alignment of the Moon and the Sun at 180 degrees
  2. the alignment of the Moon and Sun at 90 degrees
  3. the alignment of the Moon and Sun at 45 degrees
  4. the Sun's position does not matter because it is too far away
 
2. 
Which has the greatest effect on changing tides?
  1. time of the day
  2. length of the shoreline
  3. size of the Sun
  4. pull of the Moon's gravity
3. 
The most common source of energy for surface waves is
  1. wind.
  2. earthquakes.
  3. tides.
  4. volcanoes.
 
4. 
Extremely long wavelength, low amplitude ocean waves resulting from submarine earthquakes are called                .
  1. tsunamis
  2. surface waves
  3. L waves
  4. orbital waves
5. 
Which ocean movement is slow-moving and occurs in deep waters?
  1. surface currents
  2. upwelling
  3. density currents
  4. waves
 
6. 
Which type of seawater has the greatest density?
  1. warm, with low salinity
  2. warm, with high salinity
  3. cold, with low salinity
  4. cold, with high salinity
7. 
Which of the following does NOT affect wave height in deep water?
  1. wavelength
  2. wind speed
  3. wind duration
  4. fetch
 
8. 
The most prominent features of the ocean basins are the                   . They are the mountains of the deep ocean floor.
  1. continental rises
  2. hydrothermal vents
  3. ocean basins
  4. mid-ocean ridges
9. 
A trench is
  1. undersea mountain chain.
  2. boundary where the ocean and land meet.
  3. V-shaped valley on the ocean floor where old floor is subducted.
 
10. 
Which of the following is used to measure ocean depth?
  1. bottom dredges
  2. nets
  3. sonar
  4. tidal patterns
11. 
This layer of the ocean is characterized by rapidly changing temperature.
  1. the surface layer
  2. the thermocline
  3. the bottom layer
  4. the arctic bottom layer
 
12. 
The movement of the ocean floor on either side of a mid-ocean ridge is best known as
  1. rifting.
  2. glaciation.
  3. ocean-floor spreading.
  4. subduction.
13. 
Each cycle of spreading and magma intrusion along an ocean ridge results in the formation of                      .
  1. iron
  2. isochron
  3. new ocean crust
  4. new continental crust
 
14. 
The rising of deep cold currents to the ocean surface is called
  1. surfing.
  2. mapping.
  3. reefing.
  4. upwelling.
15. 
Creatures that live in the deep ocean need to adapt to which environmental factor?
  1. lack of food
  2. high pressure
  3. low levels of salt
  4. high temperatures
 
16. 
Which process does NOT add salt to seawater?
  1. weathering of continental rock washed to the ocean by rivers and streams
  2. decay of hard-shelled sea creatures
  3. rain
  4. volcanoes
17. 
Island arcs form along
  1. subduction zones.
  2. rapidly spreading mid-ocean ridges.
  3. transform faults.
  4. wide continental shelves.
 
18. 
Organisms that live on the ocean floor are                .
  1. benthos
  2. nekton
  3. plankton
  4. diatoms
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