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# Buffer Capacity (College)

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## Buffer Capacity

Instructions: The following questions require the use of a calculator.

1.
Which of the following correctly defines a buffer?
1. A solution that resists changes in pH when an acid is added
2. A solution that resists changes in pH when a base is added
3. A solution that allows changes in pH when an acid or a base is added
4. A solution that resists changes in pH when an acid or a base is added
2.
Which of the following correctly defines buffering capacity?
1. The amount of protons a buffer can absorb without a change in pH
2. The amount of hydroxide ions a buffer can absorb without a change in pH
3. The amount of protons or hydroxide ions a buffer can absorb without a change in pH
4. None of the above
3.
Which of the following equations represents the pH of the buffer?
1. $[HA]/[A^-]$
2. 1
3. $[HA], only$
4. $[A^-]/[HA]$
4.
At which of the following values for the pH of the buffer does optimal buffering occur?
1. <1
2. 2
3. >2
4. 1
5.
Which of the following represents a viable buffer?
1. HCl and its salt
2. NaOH and its salt
3. Ammonia and its salt
4. None of the above
6.
Which of the following does NOT represent a viable buffer solution?
1. Citric Acid/Sodium Citrate
2. Boric Acid/Borax
3. Carbonic Acid/Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
4. None of the above
7.
Which of the following equations can be used to calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in a buffer solution?
1. $[H^+] = K_a xx [[HA]]/[[A^-]]$
2. $[H^+] = K_a xx [[A^-]]/[[HA]]$
3. $[H^+] = {K_a xx [A^-]}/{[A^-] xx[HA]}$
4. None of the above
8.
Which of the following correctly represents the equation used to calculate the pH value of the buffer, based on the $K_a value$?
1. $pH=pK_a+{log} [[A^-]]/[[HA]]$
2. $pH=pK_a-{log} [[A^-]]/[[HA]]$
3. $pH=pK_a+{log} [[HA]]/[[A^-]]$
4. $pH=pK_a-{log} [[HA]]/[[A^-]]$
9.
If $K_b=1.81xx10^-5$ and a solution contains 6.00 mol of ammonia and 4.00 mol of ammonium chloride, determine the pH value of this solution.

10.
If $K_a=1.8xx10^-5$ for a buffer solution containing acetic acid, [acetate]=1.2 M, and [acetic acid]=0.82 M, determine the pH value of the buffer solution.

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