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College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles Questions

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College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
Which of the following statements is true regarding skeletal muscle contraction?
  1. The cross-bridge cycle refers to the sequence of events between the time an individual cross bridge binds to a thin filament at the start of a muscle contraction and the time the cross bridge releases the filament at the end of the contraction
  2. Excitation-contraction coupling refers to the binding of energized myosin to actin
  3. Binding of myosin to actin cannot take place in the absence of calcium ion
  4. A single twitch in skeletal muscle lasts about as long as the action potential that caused it
  5. All of the choices are true
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
What causes rigor mortis?
  1. Buildup of lactic acid
  2. Lack of Ca2+
  3. Depletion of glycogen
  4. Lack of ATP
  5. Deficient acetylcholine receptors
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
Rigor mortis occurs in a dead person because                                                                                                                 .
  1. ATP, which is necessary for the detachment of cross bridges, is not being formed
  2. ATP, which is necessary for the formation of cross bridges, is not being formed
  3. ATP, which is necessary for the formation of cross bridges, continues to be formed for several hours after death
  4. Deterioration of muscle proteins prevents detachment of cross bridges
  5. None of the choices are correct
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
ATP is necessary for each of the following mechanisms or functions in skeletal muscle except                                                                   .
  1. Sequestration of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
  2. Dissociation of actin from myosin
  3. Release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
  4. Movement of myosin cross bridges
  5. Maintenance of the polarized state of the skeletal muscle membrane
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
In smooth muscle, calcium triggers contraction by binding to what protein?
  1. troponin
  2. myosin light chain kinase
  3. myosin light chain
  4. calmodulin
  5. DHP receptors
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
Which of the following would enhance neuromuscular transmission?
  1. inhibiting the voltage-gated Ca2+ channels on the presynaptic terminal (high extracellular Mg2+ will do this)
  2. inhibiting the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the motor endplate
  3. inhibiting the Ca2+ reuptake mechanism in the presynaptic terminal
  4. inhibiting presynapitc vesicle fusion
  5. inhibiting the production of acetylcholine in the presynaptic terminal
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
The repolarization phase of action potentials in muscle fibers is due primarily to                                      .
  1. increased activity of the Na+/K+ pump
  2. sodium flow out of the cell
  3. sodium flow into the cell
  4. potassium flow into the cell
  5. potassium flow out of the cell
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
Normalized for any variability in skeletal muscle length, the speed of contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber is dependent upon                                     .
  1. the number of sarcomeres in series
  2. the rate of myosin ATPase activity
  3. the number of sarcomeres in parallel
  4. the rate of actin ATPase activity
  5. the rate of troponin ATPase activity
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
Which of the following statements about graded potentials generated on the muscle fiber at the neuromuscular junction is FALSE?
  1. They are a result of acetylcholine binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
  2. They are always depolarizations.
  3. They are almost always of sufficient magnitude to generate an action potential in the sarcolemma.
  4. They are a result of acetylcholine binding to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
  5. They are terminated by removal of acetylcholine from the synaptic cleft.
College Skin, Skeleton, and Muscles
The tension in a skeletal muscle can be increased by increasing                                                                                    .
  1. The number of motor units stimulated
  2. The rate of stimulation to each motor unit
  3. The number of fibers in the muscle through exercise
  4. The number of motor units stimulated and the rate of stimulation to each motor unit
  5. All of the choices are correct
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