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College Zoology Questions

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College Zoology
Why do sponges, cnidarians, and flatworms lack a specialized gas-exchange surface?
  1. Nearly all of their cells are in direct contact with the external environment.
  2. Countercurrent exchange mechanisms cannot function well in their living conditions.
  3. They live without the need for oxygen.
  4. They do not produce carbon dioxide.
  5. They are too large for a circulatory system to operate well.
College Zoology
Which statement regarding the mammalian heart is correct?
  1. Blood arrives at the heart via the ventricles.
  2. In the adult heart, blood in the right chambers of the heart cannot enter the left chambers without passing through the lungs.
  3. Oxygen-loaded blood moves only through the right side of the heart.
  4. When the right atrium contracts, it forces blood into the left atrium.
  5. Blood is pumped from the heart via the atria.
College Zoology
Which of the following statements regarding the mammalian heart is correct?
  1. Veins transport blood from the heart to the capillaries.
  2. Arteries carry blood toward the atria of the heart.
  3. The pulmonary artery carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.
  4. Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.
  5. Arteries carry oxygenated blood; veins carry oxygen-poor blood.
College Zoology
Which of these statements about the gas exchange system in fish is correct?
  1. It relies on a higher partial pressure of oxygen in water than in air.
  2. It enables oxygen to move from where its partial pressure is lower to where its partial pressure is higher.
  3. It relies on the parallel flow of blood and water in the gills.
  4. It enables oxygen to diffuse from the water into the blood over the entire length of the gill capillaries.
College Zoology
Gas exchange is more difficult for aquatic animals with gills than for terrestrial animals with lungs because                                                     .
  1. gills have less surface area than lungs
  2. water contains much less O2 than air per unit volume
  3. water is less dense than air
  4. gills allow only unidirectional transport
  5. gills collapse in air.
College Zoology
Air-breathing insects carry out gas exchange                                                             .
  1. in their specialized internal gills
  2. across all parts of their thin exoskeleton
  3. across the finest branches of the trachea and cell membranes
  4. in the alveoli of their lungs
  5. in their specialized external gills
College Zoology
Countercurrent exchange in the fish gill helps to maximize what?
  1. blood pressure
  2. diffusion
  3. endocytosis
  4. osmosis
  5. active transport
College Zoology
Hemoglobin in mammals, and hemocyanin in arthropods and mollusks                                        .
  1. are both found within blood cells
  2. are both freely dissolved in the plasma
  3. both transport oxygen
  4. are both found in mammals
  5. are both red in color
College Zoology
The hemocyanin of arthropods and mollusks differs from the hemoglobin of mammals in that                                                 .
  1. the protein of hemocyanin is not bound to metals
  2. hemocyanin carries more carbon dioxide
  3. hemocyanin is bound to potassium ions
  4. hemocyanin is bound to copper rather than iron
College Zoology
Several lineages of fishes, including lamnid sharks, billfishes and tunas, have evolved an ability known as regional endothermy. These fishes all share the following eco-morphological characteristics, EXCEPT for what?
  1. They are large and active with high energy demands.
  2. They undertake long-distance migrations.
  3. They encounter a range of water temperatures within the vertical water column.
  4. They have a second set of accessory gills that increases oxygen extraction from water.
College Zoology
The muscles of a recently deceased animal can remain in a contracted state, termed rigor mortis, for several hours due to the lack of                                             .
  1. ATP needed to break actin-myosin bonds
  2. calcium ions needed to bind to troponin
  3. sodium ions needed to fire action potentials
  4. troponin-tropomyosin binding sites
College Zoology
Why has natural selection favored the evolution of two completely separate circuits and a powerful 4-chambered heart in birds and mammals?
  1. They use more energy than equivalent-size reptiles and amphibians.
  2. They are larger than reptiles and amphibians.
  3. They cannot obtain as much oxygen from the air as reptiles and amphibians.
  4. They have more viscous blood than reptiles and amphibians.
College Zoology
These are the most abundant animals in the world.
  1. Arthropods
  2. Nematoda
  3. Insecta
  4. Annelida
College Zoology
Which of the following animal groups has a colonial stage?
  1. Cnidaria
  2. Rotifera
  3. Platyhelminthes
  4. Nemotada
College Zoology
Which of the following is NOT a class of Platyhelminthes?
  1. Turbelaria
  2. Trematoda
  3. Cephalapoda
  4. Cestoda
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